Postiserver CentOS 7 operatsioonisüsteemil. Dovecot + Exim + Roundcube paigaldamine

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Postiserver CentOS 7 operatsioonisüsteemil. Dovecot + Exim + Roundcube paigaldamine

13.03.2023, 23:01

Postiserveri paigaldamist CentOS 7-le saab teha mitmel viisil, kuid üks levinumaid on Postfixi ja Dovecot'i kombinatsiooni kasutamine.

Postfix on saatjatarkvara ja on üks populaarsemaid mailiservereid maailmas. Dovecot seevastu on postiserver, mida kasutatakse IMAP- või POP-protokolliga e-posti vastuvõtmiseks.

Mis on Exim ?

Exim on postiülekandeagent (MTA), mida kasutatakse tavaliselt Unix-taolistes operatsioonisüsteemides. Exim on tasuta tarkvara, mida levitatakse GNU (General Public Licence) tingimustel ja see on mitmekülgne ja paindlik e-posti vahend, millel on ulatuslikud funktsioonid sissetuleva e-posti kontrollimiseks.

Mis on Dovecot ?

Dovecot on avatud lähtekoodiga IMAP- ja POP3-posti server Linux/UNIX-taolistele süsteemidele. Turvalisus on olnud selle toote nurgakiviks, mis on keskendunud paindlikkusele ja kiirusele.

Mis on Roundcube ?

Roundcube on veebipõhine e-posti kasutajaliides, mis pakub võimalust töötada oma postkastidega, kasutades IMAPi ja SMTP-d. Rakendusel on võimas funktsionaalsus ja see on oma võimaluste poolest võrreldav töölaua e-posti klientidega nagu Outlook Express või Mozilla Thunderbird.

Apache + MySQL + PHP paigaldamine

Logige SSH kaudu oma virtuaalsesse serverisse sisse.

Järgmisena peate süsteemi uuendama, sisestage käsk:

# sudo yum update -y

Pärast süsteemi uuendamist ilmub selline teade.

Paigaldage Apache

Apache'i paigaldamiseks oma virtuaalsesse serverisse sisesta käsk:

# sudo yum install httpd -y

Pärast paigaldamist käivitage Apache:

# sudo systemctl start httpd.service

Pärast seda minge aadressile - http://ServerIP/ ja kontrollige, kas Apache töötab korralikult.

Kui kõik toimib korrektselt, sisestage käsk Apache'i automaatseks käivitamiseks virtuaalserveris:

# sudo systemctl enable httpd.service

Paigaldage MySQL (MariaDB)

Allalaadimiseks kasutage käsku:

# sudo yum install mariadb-server mariadb -y

Pärast allalaadimist ja paigaldamist tuleb käivitada MariaDB:

# sudo systemctl start mariadb

Käivita turvaline paigaldusskript, mis eemaldab ebaturvalised seaded:

# sudo mysql_secure_installation

Sisestage root parool, kuna te just lõite andmebaasi, on see vaikimisi tühi. Seejärel nõustuge seadistustega, sisestage igal pool"Y". Sisestage uus parool, kinnitage see ja nõustuge taas muudatustega"Y".

MariaDB on nüüd paigaldatud.

Paigaldage PHP

PHP installimiseks sisesta käsk:

# sudo yum install php php-mysql -y

Järgmisena taaskäivitage Apache, et ta saaks PHP-d käivitada:

# sudo systemctl restart httpd.service

Et testida, kuidas PHP töötab, sisestage peate tegema faili, näiteks index.php, kasutades seda käsku:

# echo "<?php phpinfo(); ?>" > /var/www/html/index.php

Nüüd avage link oma brauseris - http://ServerIP/index.php Te peaksite nägema lehekülge PHP parameetritega.

Järgmisena peate installima paketi, et toetada MariaDB-d PHP-s:

# sudo yum -y install php-mysql php-gd php-ldap php-odbc php-pear php-xml php-xmlrpc php-mbstring php-snmp php-soap curl curl-devel

Pärast seda te taaskäivitate Apache:

# sudo systemctl restart httpd.service

Valmis. Te olete paigaldanud Apache, MySQL ja PHP virtuaalsesse serverisse.

Täiendavate repositooriumide ühendamine

Kõigi komponentide paigaldamiseks peate ühendama täiendava repositooriumi.

# sudo yum install epel-release

Veximi andmebaasi loomine

Selleks, et luua ühendus kõigi ahela komponentide vahel, on vaja kasutada ühte andmebaasi. Ühendage MySQL serveriga:

# mysql -u root -p

Looge andmebaas, peate määrama oma parooli:

CREATE DATABASE vexim;  
GRANT ALL ON vexim.* to vexim@localhost identified by 'password';  
quit

Paigaldage Postfixadmin

Juhul, kui kõik PHP-moodulid ei ole paigaldatud, on vajalik täiendav installeerimine.

# yum -y install php-imap php-mbstring php-pdo php-mysql php-cli

Laadige alla Postfixadmin ja installige see kausta /var/www/html/postfixadmin.

# wget http://sourceforge.net/projects/postfixadmin/files/postfixadmin/postfixadmin-3.0/postfixadmin-3.0.tar.gz
# tar xpf postfixadmin-3.0.tar.gz
# mv postfixadmin-3.0 /var/www/html/postfixadmin
# chown -R apache:apache /var/www/html/postfixadmin
# rm postfixadmin-3.0.tar.gz
# cd /var/www/html/postfixadmin > # vi config.inc.php

Redigeerige konfiguratsioonifaili config .inc.php:

Dovecot'i paigaldamine

# yum -y install dovecot dovecot-mysql

Nimetage vaikimisi konfig ümber, et saaksime vajadusel tagasi pöörduda:

# mv /etc/dovecot/dovecot.conf /etc/dovecot/dovecot.conf-orig
# vi /etc/dovecot/dovecot.conf

Salvestage konfiguratsioonifaili dovecot.conf järgmised kanded:

## Dovecot configuration file

base_dir = /var/run/dovecot/  

auth_default_realm = site.com 

auth_mechanisms = plain login cram-md5 

protocols = imap pop3  

listen = *  

disable_plaintext_auth = no  

dotlock_use_excl = yes  

first_valid_gid = 5  

first_valid_uid = 25  

mail_location = maildir:/var/vmail/%d/%u  

mail_privileged_group = mail  

passdb {  

  args = /etc/dovecot/dovecot-mysql.conf  

  driver = sql  

}   

service auth {  

  unix_listener auth-client {  

    group = exim  

    mode = 0660  

    user = exim  

  }  

  unix_listener auth-master {  

    group = exim  

    mode = 0600  

    user = exim  

  }  

  user = root  

}  

ssl = no  

userdb {  

  args = /etc/dovecot/dovecot-mysql.conf  

  driver = sql  

}  

verbose_proctitle = yes

protocol imap {  

  imap_client_workarounds = delay-newmail tb-extra-mailbox-sep  

}  

protocol pop3 {  

  pop3_client_workarounds = outlook-no-nuls oe-ns-eoh  

  pop3_uidl_format = %08Xu%08Xv  

}  

protocol lda {  

  auth_socket_path = /var/run/dovecot/auth-master  

  postmaster_address = info@site.com

}

Andmebaasile juurdepääsu konfigureerimiseks looge eraldi konfigfail dovecot-mysql.conf

# vi /etc/dovecot/dovecot-mysql.conf

ja sisestage sinna järgmised seaded:

## Dovecot database configuration

driver = mysql  

connect = host=localhost dbname=vexim user=vexim password=password  

default_pass_scheme = CRAM-MD5  

password_query = SELECT `username` as `user`, `password` FROM  `mailbox` WHERE `username` = '%n@%d' AND `active`='1'  

user_query = SELECT 93 AS `uid`, 93 AS `gid` FROM `mailbox` WHERE `username` = '%n@%d' AND `active`='1'

Eximi paigaldamine

# yum -y install exim exim-mysql cyrus-sasl
# mv /etc/exim/exim.conf /etc/exim/exim.conf-orig
# vi /etc/exim/exim.conf

Muutke vaikimisi konfig, säilitades samal ajal varukoopia.

######################################################################

#                    MAIN CONFIGURATION SETTINGS                     #

######################################################################

primary_hostname = mail.site.com

hide mysql_servers = localhost/vexim/vexim/password  

domainlist local_domains = ${lookup mysql{SELECT `domain`   

                            FROM `domain` WHERE   

                            `domain`='${quote_mysql:$domain}' AND   

                            `active`='1'}}  

domainlist relay_to_domains = ${lookup mysql{SELECT `domain`   

                            FROM `domain` WHERE   

                            `domain`='${quote_mysql:$domain}' AND   

                            `active`='1'}}  

hostlist relay_from_hosts = localhost:127.0.0.0/8:192.168.1.0/24

auth_advertise_hosts = *

acl_not_smtp = acl_not_smtp  

acl_smtp_rcpt = acl_check_rcpt  

acl_smtp_data = acl_check_data  

qualify_domain = site.com  

qualify_recipient = site.com

allow_domain_literals = true  

exim_user = exim  

exim_group = exim  

never_users = root  

rfc1413_query_timeout = 0s  

sender_unqualified_hosts = +relay_from_hosts  

recipient_unqualified_hosts = +relay_from_hosts  

ignore_bounce_errors_after = 45m  

timeout_frozen_after = 15d  

helo_accept_junk_hosts = 192.168.1.0/24  

auto_thaw = 1h  

smtp_banner = "$primary_hostname, ESMTP EXIM $version_number"  

smtp_accept_max = 50  

smtp_accept_max_per_connection = 25  

smtp_connect_backlog = 30  

smtp_accept_max_per_host = 20  

split_spool_directory = true  

remote_max_parallel = 15  

return_size_limit = 70k  

message_size_limit = 64M  

helo_allow_chars = _  

smtp_enforce_sync = true  

log_selector =   

    +all_parents   

    +connection_reject   

    +incoming_interface   

    +lost_incoming_connection   

    +received_sender   

    +received_recipients   

    +smtp_confirmation   

    +smtp_syntax_error   

    +smtp_protocol_error   

    -queue_run  

syslog_timestamp = no  

######################################################################

#                       ACL CONFIGURATION                            #

#         Specifies access control lists for incoming SMTP mail      #

######################################################################

begin acl  

acl_not_smtp:  

        deny message = Sender rate overlimit - $sender_rate / $sender_rate_period  

        ratelimit = 50 / 1h / strict  

        accept  

acl_check_rcpt:  

  deny    message          = "Lookup failed"  

          condition = ${if eq{$host_lookup_failed}{1}}  

  accept  hosts = :  

  deny    message       = "incorrect symbol in address"  

          domains       = +local_domains  

          local_parts   = ^[.] : ^.*[@%!/|]  

  deny    message       = "incorrect symbol in address"  

          domains       = !+local_domains  

          local_parts   = ^[./|] : ^.*[@%!] : ^.*/\.\./  

  accept  local_parts   = postmaster  

          domains       = +local_domains  

  deny    message       = "HELO/EHLO required by SMTP RFC"  

          condition     = ${if eq{$sender_helo_name}{}{yes}{no}}  

  accept  authenticated = *   

  deny    condition     = ${if eq{$sender_helo_name}  

    {$interface_address}{yes}{no}}  

          hosts         = !127.0.0.1 : !localhost : *  

          message       = "My IP in your HELO! Access denied!"  

  deny    condition     = ${if match{$sender_helo_name}  

    {N^d+$N}{yes}{no}}  

          hosts         = !127.0.0.1 : !localhost : *  

          message       = "Incorrect HELO string"  

  warn  

        set acl_m0 = 30s  

  warn  

        hosts = +relay_from_hosts:4.3.2.1/32:192.168.1.0/24 #disable waits for 'friendly' hosts  

        set acl_m0 = 0s  

  warn  

        logwrite = Delay $acl_m0 for $sender_host_name   

[$sender_host_address] with HELO=$sender_helo_name. Mail   

from $sender_address to $local_part@$domain.  

        delay = $acl_m0  

  accept  domains       = +local_domains  

          endpass  

          message       = "No such user"  

          verify        = recipient  

  accept  domains       = +relay_to_domains  

          endpass  

          message       = "i don't know how to relay to this address"  

          verify        = recipient  

  deny    message       = "you in blacklist - $dnslist_domain n $dnslist_text"  

          dnslists      = opm.blitzed.org :   

                          cbl.abuseat.org :   

                          bl.csma.biz   

accept  hosts         = +relay_from_hosts  

deny    message       = "Homo hominus lupus est"  

acl_check_dаta:  

deny malware = */defer_ok  

message = "Your message contains viruses: $malware_name"  

accept  

######################################################################

#                      ROUTERS CONFIGURATION                         #

#               Specifies how addresses are handled                  #

######################################################################

#     THE ORDER IN WHICH THE ROUTERS ARE DEFINED IS IMPORTANT!       #

# An address is passed to each router in turn until it is accepted.  #

######################################################################

begin routers  

dnslookup:  

  driver = dnslookup  

  domains = ! +local_domains  

  transport = remote_smtp  

  ignore_target_hosts = 0.0.0.0 : 127.0.0.0/8  

  no_more  

system_aliases:  

    driver      = redirect  

    allow_fail  

    allow_defer  

    data = ${lookup mysql{SELECT `goto` FROM `alias` WHERE   

            `address`='${quote_mysql:$local_part@$domain}' OR   

                `address`='${quote_mysql:@$domain}'}}  

dovecot_user:  

  driver = accept  

  condition = ${lookup mysql{SELECT `goto` FROM   

  `alias` WHERE   

  `address`='${quote_mysql:$local_part@$domain}' OR   

  `address`='${quote_mysql:@$domain}'}{yes}{no}}  

  transport = dovecot_delivery  

######################################################################

#                      TRANSPORTS CONFIGURATION                      #

######################################################################

#                       ORDER DOES NOT MATTER                        #

#     Only one appropriate transport is called for each delivery.    #

######################################################################

begin transports 

remote_smtp:  

  driver = smtp 

dovecot_delivery:  

  driver = pipe  

  command = /usr/libexec/dovecot/deliver -d $local_part@$domain  

  message_prefix =  

  message_suffix =  

  delivery_date_add  

  envelope_to_add  

  return_path_add  

  log_output  

  user = exim  

address_pipe:  

  driver = pipe  

  return_output  

address_reply:  

  driver = autoreply  

######################################################################

#                      RETRY CONFIGURATION                           #

###################################################################### 

begin retry  

*                    *       F,2h,15m; G,16h,1h,1.5; F,4d,6h  

######################################################################

#                      REWRITE CONFIGURATION                         #

###################################################################### 

begin rewrite  

######################################################################

#                   AUTHENTICATION CONFIGURATION                     #

######################################################################  

begin authenticators  

auth_plain:  

     driver = dovecot  

     public_name = PLAIN  

     server_socket = /var/run/dovecot/auth-client  

     server_set_id = $auth1  

auth_login:  

     driver = dovecot  

     public_name = LOGIN  

     server_socket = /var/run/dovecot/auth-client  

     server_set_id = $auth1  

auth_cram_md5:  

     driver = dovecot  

     public_name = CRAM-MD5  

     server_socket = /var/run/dovecot/auth-client  

     server_set_id = $auth1

Postfixi desinstalleerimine

# alternatives --config mta
# systemctl disable postfix
# systemctl stop postfix
# yum -y remove postfix

Postfixadmin'i seadistamine

Mine aadressile http://server_ip/postfixadmin/setup.php ja järgi paigaldusjuhiseid. Pärast superadmini loomist annab paigaldaja teile parooli hash-koodi:

See tuleb asendada failis config.inc.php (postfixadmin kataloogi juurest) selle rea asemel:

Seejärel tuleb loodud andmete all sisse logida, lisada vajalikud domeenid ja postkastid.

Roundcube'i paigaldamine

# yum -y install roundcubemail

Pärast paigaldamist tuleb lisada config veebiserverisse, et skript avaneks aadressil http://server_ip/roundcubemail/.

# vi /etc/httpd/conf.d/roundcubemail.conf

Salvestage järgmised andmed:

#

# Round Cube Webmail is a browser-based multilingual IMAP client

#

Alias /roundcubemail /usr/share/roundcubemail

Alias /webmail /usr/share/roundcubemail

<Directory /usr/share/roundcubemail/>

        Options none

        AllowOverride Limit

        Require all granted

</Directory>

<Directory /usr/share/roundcubemail/installer>

        Options none

        AllowOverride Limit

        Require all granted

</Directory>

# Those directories should not be viewed by Web clients.

<Directory /usr/share/roundcubemail/bin/>

    Order Allow,Deny

    Deny from all

</Directory>

<Directory /usr/share/roundcubemail/plugins/enigma/home/>

    Order Allow,Deny

    Deny from all

</Directory>

Apache tuleb pärast kirjutamist taaskäivitada:

# systemctl restart httpd.service

Edasiseks paigaldamiseks luua andmebaas, selleks ühendada MySQL:

# mysql -u root -p

ja sooritage päringuid (määrake oma andmed):

CREATE DATABASE roundcubedb;

CREATE USER roundcubeuser@localhost IDENTIFIED BY 'password';

GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES on roundcubedb.* to roundcubeuser@localhost ;

FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

quit

Järgmisena tuleb avada paigaldusprogramm http://server_ip/roundcubemail/installer ja konfigureerida.

See lõpetab konfiguratsiooni, mine Roundcube http://server_ip/roundcubemail/, logi sisse eelnevalt loodud (Postfixadminis) kasti, tee seaded ja kasuta.